Oscillating fluid pressure machine



Oct. 9, 1951 E. MERCIER ETAL 2,570,832

OSCILLATING FLUID PRESSURE MACHINE Filed June 9, 1948 5 Sheets-Sheet 1mmvroas fines Me/aer Oct. 9, 1951 E. MERCIER ETAL OSCILLATING FLUIDPRESSURE MACHINE 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed June 9, 1948 0 1951 E. MERCIERETAL 7 OSCILLATING FLUID PRESSURE MACHINE Filed June 9, 1948 5Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTORS flruzs/leraer BY Mara! fljllt tgf Q 1951 E.MERCIER ETl'AL 2,570,832

OSCILLATING FLUID PRESSURE MACHINE Filed June 9, 1948 5 Sheets-Sheet 4INVENTOR Z'rnesi Marne!" BY flame! LZliijer H 7 TURNE Y5 Q 1951 E.MERCIER ETAL 2,570,832

OSCILLATING FLUID PRESSURE MACHINE Filed June 9, 1948 5 Sheets-Sheet 5INVENTORS fines He ner y Martel ilzlugger Patented Oct. 9, 1951OSCILLATING FLUID PRESSURE MACHINE Ernest Mercier and Marcel Ehlinger,Paris,

France, assignors, by mesne assignments, to Moore, Inc., Atlanta, Ga., acorporation of Georgia Application June 9, 1948, Serial No. 31,988 InFrance February 16, 1943 26 Claims. 1

This invention relates to fluid pressure machines and more especially tothose in which a movable body or rotor is supported for oscillatingmovement about an axis concomitantly with change in the pressure of afluid acting thereon or acted upon by said rotor.

The invention more particularly relates to prime movers and compressorsin which a rotor carries elements or vanes which move with reciprocatingmovement concomitantly with the oscillating movement of the rotor withina casing cooperating with these vanes and the rotor to confine the fluidpressure so as to act upon these vanes or to be acted upon thereby.Oscillating machines of this general character are disclosed in theFrench Patent 894,646, filed February 16, 1943, and granted to thepresent applicants March 20, 1944.

As described in the French Patent 894,646 and disclosed in thecorresponding United States application Serial No. 590,920, filed April28, 1945, the oscillating machine may be provided with two membersoscillatable about the same axis in opposite directions and such membersmay be impelled by the fluid under pressure acting simultaneously onoppositely moving vanes respectively carried thereby or having suchvanes thereof act on the fluid to vary the pressure thereof in a mannersimilar to the pistons of free piston engines and compressors, theoscillatable rotors and vanes thereof being movable within a casingperforming a function similar to that of the cyclinders in aconventional machine, the contour of this casing being substantially asurface of revolution about the axis of the machine generated by themedian perimeter of the vane which cooperates with the casing to confinethe fluid pressure.

In such machines the two oppositely oscillatable members or rotors whichmay be those of a prime mover or of a fluid compressor may oscillate inthe same exterior envelope or casing which is stationary. As disclosedin the French patent and in the United States application, however, thisenvelope or casing itself may constitute one of the oscillatablemembers. The construction in which the two oscillatable rotors oscillatein the same stationary casing presents certain problems of constructionand operation which, although they may be readily solved, involvecertain restrictive conditions.

'fluid and other operating conditions.

7 2 'The present invention has for an object the facilitating of theconstruction of oscillating machines, and, particularly, of freeoscillators provided with two oppositely oscillatable mem bers.

It is another object of the invention to provide an oscillating machinewith oppositely oscillatable members which avoids certain diflicultiesexperienced when both the oscillatable members operate within the sameenvelope or casing.

\ It is a further object of the invention to provide a construction of acasing or envelope cooperating with oppositely oscillatable members ofwhich parts will be of reduced thickness and weight for a givencondition of pressure of the Another object of the invention is toprovide in such an improved oscillating machine for balancing the forcesor couples acting upon the oppositely moving oscillating members so asto minimize or eliminate the unbalanced forces of the fluid pressure andof inertia which in the ordinary machine are transferred to the casing,the supporting structure and the base.

A still further object of the invention is to provide for equalizationof the fluid pressure acting on the vanes carried by the oppositelmoving members.

Another object of the invention is to provide a prime mover compressorunit of improved construction in which the oppositely moving prime moverand compressor elements are in the balanced relation and subjected tothe equalized fluid pressures above referred to.

An additional object of the invention is to provide in an oscillatingprime mover compressor machine an improved construction for support ofthe oppositely oscillatable members in concentric relation to eachother.

It is a feature of the present invention that in an oscillating fluidpressure machine two oscillatable members are disposed side by side andpreferably upon a common axis for oscillation thereof in oppositedirections to each other. These members and the vanes thereof upon whichthe fluid pressure acts or which act upon the fluid. concomitantly withchange in the pressure thereof are movable in opposite directions ofreciprocating movement within and conform to the contour of two separatechambers in each of which the contour is that of a surface of to eachother.

revolution about the common axis. These separate chambers may be formedwithin the same casing or envelope. Each oscillatable member preferablyis provided with a pluralit of vanes which operate within each chamberwhether formed within two separate envelopes or within the same casingor envelope. These chambers may be closed by partitions and partitionblocks which provide the separating Walls between the chambers and theperipherally spaced end walls of these chambers adjacent the limits ofthe oscillating movement of the vanes so as to confine the fluidpressure within the respective chambers.

It is a feature of the invention that means are provided for equalizingthe pressure between the two chambers in which the oppositelyoscillatable vanes operate so that these vanes cooperate with thepartition and partition blocks to confine substantially the same fluidpressure as they more oppositely with respect to each other. Since theportions of the casing forming the side by side chambers may be rigidlyconnected together, as will be more clearly understood from thedescription of the drawings to follow, the forces due to the fluidpressure acting on the peripherally spaced partition blocks in thecircumferential direction tending to produce rotational movement of thecasing are balanced. As the chambers are spaced in the directionparallel to the axis of oscillation, however, a couple is set up whichacts on each partition block and on the casing to which it is rigidlyconnected. Nevertheless, as there are a plurality and preferably an evennumber of vanes carried by each oscillatable member, these vanespreferably being symmetrically .positioned in each member about the axisof oscillation, the couples which are es tablished at the partitionblocks and'produced by pressures of the fluids acting on or acted on bythe vanes in the respective chambers may be sub* stantially orcompletely balanced with respect Thereby the reactions which otherwisewould be brought upon the partition blocks and the casing tending toproduce displacement thereof may offset each other and no substantialreaction due to the forces which produce the oscillating movement may bebrought upon the supports and the bed of the machine. The forces tendingto produce distortion of the stator or casing and of the partitionblocks and other fixed parts and movement of the machine upon its bed orsupport therefore may be made small or substantially eliminated.

In each of the two oppositely oscillatable members as above indicatedthe vanes preferabl are arranged symmetrically about the axis ofoscillation. Provision is made in at least one of these members forconnecting the homologous chambers which are formed by the casingcooperating with these vanes to equalize the pressure in thesehomologous chambers. The pressure thus is equalized between all of thechambers in which the fluid pressure acts on or is acted upon by theoppositely moving vanes of the two oscillatable members.

The provisions which have been above generally described are ofparticular importance in connection with the construction of primemovers utilizing oppositely oscillating members. Such prime movers aresubject to variations in the forces produced by the fluid pressuremedium because of variations in the fuel and the air supply,particularly in internal combustion en gines, conditions of combustionand of temperature and other causes of variation of the fluid pressure.Such accidental variations may introduce the disequilibrium which theprovisions above described serve to obviate. Compressors on the otherhand are not subject inherently to these causes of disturbance and thetotal pressures which are exerted by the fluid pressure medium beingcompressed on the various parts are les than those of the prime movers.The provisions for equalization of the pressure therefore, although themay be utilized, are not so essential and the balancing of the couplesbetween the two oppositely oscillating compressor members may beaccomplished by the symmetrical arrangement of the compresso vanes aboutthe axis of oscillation.

Nevertheless, if desired the constructive and operating relation of theoscillating and stationary parts which have been generally describedabove for the prime movers also may be carried out in the compressors.Ordinarily two compressor units corresponding respectively to the twoprime mover oscillating members may be arranged side by side with theiroscillating members oscillatable on' the common axis of the prime moveroscillatable members. As the accidental differences of pressure such asmay take place in prime movers are much less frequent in compressors andgenerally are of less degree it is not necessary ordinarily to providethe compressors with special pressure equalizing pipes as aforesaid asconcerns the prime movers, but it is necessar to rigidly connect thecasings of both compressors in order to secure the balancing eiiect ofthe couples developed by the fluid on these casings in oppositedirection to each other.

It is another feature of the invention in order to carry out theabove'objects and to embody the features above described that the twooppositely oscillatable prime mover members are so con: structed thatthey may be supported in concentric coaxial relation. To this endwthemembers may take the form of cylinders, one cylinder extending about theother with the oppositely oscillatable vanes carried by the twocylinders adjacently positioned and operating in respective separatechambers spaced along the axis of revolution of the cylinders. Alsomounted upon the respective cylinders are the vanes of the oscillatablecompressor members, these compressor members having their casings inadjacent relations along the axis of the cylinders. The inner cylindermay extend beyond the ends of the outer cylinder and may carry at oneend one of the sets of prime mover vanes, that is, those which operatein one of the chambers. This inner cylinder carries at its opposite endone of the sets of oscillatable vanes. These two sets of oscillata-blevanes fastened to this inner cylinder oscillate therewith as a unit.Similarly the other of prime mover vanes and the other set ofcorrpressor vanes are fastened upon the outer cylinder to oscillate as aunit therewith in the opposite direction to the oscillation of the firstunit.

The construction which has just been generally described in which twoconcentric cylindrical supporting members are coaxial one with the otheralso may be utilized in an oscillating machine in which the prime moveris provided with a plurality of vanes, preferably an even number,symmetrically positioned about the axis, alternate vanes being carriedby the respective coaxial cylinders for movement in opposite directionsWithin a single chamber in a fixed casing. The construction is such thatthefluid pressure acts simultaneously on the adjacentfaces of theoppositely moving vanes within the chamber formed by the casingwhichextends about these vanes and cooperates therewith to confine thefluid pressure. As will be more clearly understood from the descriptionof the drawings to follow, the forces acting on the vanes and therespective oscillatable members and on their supporting cylinders aresymmetrically distributed about the axis and act generally in the sameplane transverse to the aXisSo that couples due to forces spaced in thedirection parallel to the axis are not present as in the embodiment ofthe invention previously described.

,The compressor unit may be similarly constructed with the oppositelymoving vanes thereof within the same casing providing therewith fluidpressure chambers between these vanes in which the fluid is compressedby the oppositely moving vanes. These oppositely moving vanes of thecompressor unit respectively are carried by the two concentriccylinders. Those vanes which must approach each other for effecting thecompression of the fluid are carried by the respective cylinders whichcarry the prime mover vanes between which the fluid under pressure isconfined which acts thereon to produce separating movement of theseprime mover vanes in opposite directions within the prime mover casing.Thus, although couples are developed respectively in the prime mover andcompressor which produce torsional movements in the supportingconcentric cylinders which carry the prime mover and the compressorvanes, nevertheless, the forces acting on the oppositely movingoscillatable members, that is, on the respective cylinders and the vaneswhich they carry, may be substantially balanced to obviate anyunbalanced force tending either to rotate the casing or to move itlaterally or endwise.

Moreover, both in the embodiment which utilizes axially spaced chamberswith equalizer channels and in the embodiment in which the vanes moveoppositely in the same transverse plane within a single casing theinertia forces which ordinarily in a reciprocating fluid pressuremachine are brought upon the casing, for example, the cylinder heads ina reciprocating piston engine, are of little or no effect in theoscillating machine of the invention since any such force due toacceleration or deceleration of the oscillatable members and the vanesis transmitted as pressure through the fluid to the oppositely movingvane and its supporting member or cylinder. The pressures which thecasing must withstand, therefore, for the most part are only those ofthe respective fluid pressures in the prime mover and compressor unitsand no great reaction is developed in the casing and in the bed forcounteracting unbalanced forces as in the conventional reciprocatingmachines.

The invention also provides features of construction of the oscillatablemembers and of the envelope or casing for securing reduction in thethickness of the parts and therefore of the weight, improvement instrength, cooling of the stationary and movable parts and otherconstructional advantages which will be more clearly understood from thedescription of the drawings to follow in. which:

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of a prime mover compressor unitembodying the invention.

3 Fig. 2 is a section taken on line 22 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a section taken on the circular are 3-3 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic cross section of an elemental oscillatingmachine.

Figs. 5, 6 and 7 show diagrammatically longi tudinal sections ofoscillatable members having vanes of different forms cooperating withtheir enveloping casings.

Fig. 8 is a cross section of an oscillating machine of the inventionshowing details of the construction.

Fig. 9 is a section taken on line 99 of Fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is-a longitudinal section of an oscillating prime movercompressor unit showing concentric cylinders supporting the respectiveoscil lating vanes.

Fig. 11 is a section taken on line II -II of Fig. .10. F

In the embodiment of the invention shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 twooppositely oscillatable members I and 3 are arranged for'oscillation ona common axis. The members land 3 respectively are carried bycon'centric cylinders 5 and i. The cylinder 5 is supported at its endsby spiders 9 having hubs I0 fitted upon the shaft II' which passes fromend to end through the cylinders concentric with the axis thereof. Theshaft I I is supported at the ends thereof in bearings I3 as shown inFig. l. I

The cylinder"! is provided with bearing rings I-5 bearing on the outersurface of the cylinder 5, the cylinder I being thus supported by thecylinder 5 for oscillating movement thereof'with respect to the cylinder5 in opposite directions of such movement to the movements of thecylinder 5. The member 3 is carried by and fastened upon the cylinder 1for oscillation therewith. As shown in Fig.2 in dotted outline, themember 3 carries a vane I! which is fastened to the member 3 between thecheek walls I8 and I9 and the base cylindrical wall 2| thereof which isfastened upon the cylinder 1 as shown in Fig. 1. The member I carries avane 23 fitted between the cheek walls 24, 25 and the cylindrical .wall21 thereof which is fastenediupon the cylinder 5.

It is a feature of the inventiomas will be more particularly describedhereafter, that thezcheek walls I8, I9, 24, 25 extend outwardly from theaxis of the shaft II only part way toward the outer edge of the vanes I!and 23.- These vanes, however, are formed with a meridian outlineextending beyond the periphery of the respective oscillatable members Iand 3.

As shown in Figs. '1 and 2 an envelope or casing 30, in this embodimentformed in one piece and provided with three inwardly extending cheekwalls SI, 32, 33, extends circumferentially about both oscillatablemembers I and 3. The cheek walls 3|, 32, 33 and the circumferential wall35 form recesses or chambers in the envelope 30 side by side in thedirection parallel to the axis of oscillation, these chambers havingcontours in the plane of the axis conforming to the meridian outline ofthe respective vanes I1 and '23 of the members 3 and I. As these vanesI1 and 23 are fitted to their respective oscillatable members 3 and Iand as they may be provided with suitable packing elements 31 as shownin Fig. 2 extending generally in the medidian plane, they may movewithin the chambers formed by the cheek walls I8,-I9, 24, 25, 3I, 32, 33and. the circumferential extending walls 21', 2! and 35 in slidingrelation to the envolping casing 30. As shown in Fig. 1 packing elements39 are provided extending circumferentially about and carried by therespective cheek walls of the oscillatable members I and 3 and fittingagainst the inner circumferen- 7 tial edge surfaces of the cheek walls3|, 32, 33 to secure fluid pressure tightness of the respectivechambers.

As shown in Figs. 2 and 3 the casing 30 may be formed to receive apartition block or sector 4! of V section fitting to radial surfaces 43and 45 formed upon the casing 30. Casing 30 may be provided with flanges46 which receive suitable bolts 41 for fastening the partition block 4|between the two portions of the casing 30. For simplicity in Fig. 1 onlythe bolt holes 48 are shown in the flange 46. This partition block 4|may serve to support suitable valves not forming part of the inventionfor controlling the admission of fluid to and the discharge of fluidfrom the fluid pressure chambers which are formed between the partitionblock and the vanes H and 23. It will be apparent from a considerationof Figs. 2 and 3 that fluid pressure in the'space 42 between thepartition block 4| and the vane l'l will tend to produce movement of thevane I! in the counterclockwise direction in Fig. 2 with respect to thecasing 30. Fluid pressure in the space 44 between the partition block 4|and the vane 23 will tend to produce movement of the vane in theclockwise direction in Fig. 2.

In the preferred embodiment of the invention opposite each of the vanesI! and 23 is positioned in symmetric relation thereto, as showndiagrammatically in Fig. 4, a vane supported by the same oscillatablemember. In the embodiment of Fig. 2 diametrically opposite to thepartition block 4| a similar partition block, not shown, will beprovided cooperating with the respective additional vanes in the samemanner as just, described for the vanes l1 and 23. It will beunderstood, therefore, that when the fluid pressure'is confined in thespaces between homologous vanes and the corresponding partition blocks4| a rotative couple is produced efiecting rotational movement of therespective members I and 3. If equal fluid pressure is simultaneouslyconfined in the spaces at either side of the respective partition blocks4| which respectively are in the side by side chambers in which thevanes of the two oscillatable members move, these two oscillatablemembers and 3 will be moved in opposite directions with the rotativereactions on the'partition block 4| and on the casing 30 opposed to eachother. Tendency to rotational movement of the casing, therefore, isobviated and no substantial reaction on the supports and on the bed ofthe machine is developed due to the force producing oscillatingmovement.

To this end pressure in the space 44 between the partition block 4! andthe vane 23 is equalized through pipe 49 with the pressure in thecorresponding or homologous space at the opposite side of or spacedcircumferentially about the shaft H. Similarly the pressure in the space42 between the vane l1 and the partition block 4| may be equalized withthe homologous space at the opposite side of the shaft I through thepipe but, as will be shown hereafter, such a pipe is not necessary inall cases. As shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 a conduit 53 also is providedsupported in the partition block 4| and connecting the space 44 with thespace 42. It will be noted that this conduit passes across the cheekwall 32 which separates the two chambers formed in the envelope orcasing 30 corresponding to the two oscillatable' members and 3. In viewof the V form of the partition block 4| which may extend between theouter cheek walls 3| and 33 of the casing, as shown on Fig. 3, thecentral cheek wall 32 may be interrupted at the partition block 4| andthe conduit '53 may extend across the hollow space of the block 4| asshown in Fig. 3 and then through the respective portions of the walls 43and to provide the equalizing passage between the spaces 42 and 44 sothat substantially the same fluid pressure confined within these spacesacts simultaneously on the vanes l7 and 23, with equal reaction upon thefaces 43 and 45 of the partition block 4|, to produce oppositerotational movement of the vanes l1 and 23 and the members 3 andrespectively when these vanes and members are operated as a prime mover.Upon return movement of both of these vanes toward the partition block4| the fluid pressure medium will be compressed within the spaces 42 and44 with equalizing of the pressure between these spaces and equalreaction upon the faces of block 4|.

As shown in, Fig. 3 a similar conduit is provided in the partition block4| to equalize the pressure between the other two spaces 52, 54respectively adjacent to the faces 43 and 45 of the partition block 44which are diagonally positioned with respect to each other at oppositesides of the central cheek wall 32, these spaces being closed at theends by the other partition block 4| referred tov above but not shown inFig. 2.

It now will be apparent that equalization of the pressure is securedbetween all of the ho mologous spaces confining the fluid which producesopposite movement of the two oscillatable members i and 3 by virtue ofthe connection through the pipes 49 and conduits 53 and desired,therefore, the equalizing pipe 5| may be omitted although another pipe49 may be provided connecting the homologous spaces corresponding tospace 52 or 54 at the opposite side of or spaced about the shaft ll. Asthe spaces 52, 54 are connected by the equalizer'com duit 55 thepressure will be equalized in these homologous spaces. It also will beunderstood that because of the equalization of the pressure in thespaces 42, 44 and in the spaces 52, 54 the reaction brought upon thepartition block 4| and transmitted to the casing which otherwise wouldtend to produce rotation of the casing is obviated.

Moreover, since all of the vanes carried by one of the oscillatablemembers or 3 move in the same direction, so that as a vane I! or 23moves away from the partition block 4| another vane on the same memberapproaches this block, as may be seen in Fig. 4, another couple isdeveloped by the action of the vanes of the two members and 3 inopposition to the couple acting on the partition block 4| developedconcomitantly with movement of the vanes l1 and 23. These opposedcouples will be understood by a consideration of Fig. 3 and serve toreduce the tendency to displacement of the machine upon its bedtransversely of the axis and to reduce the forces which the partitionblock 4| and the casing must resist.

In so far as is practicable the fluid pressure medium, as scavengingair, fuel or other medium, is evenly distributed by suitable means tothe homologous spaces so that the symmetric arrangement of the vanes andchambers will secure a uniform rotative effect. If in spite of suchprecautions irregularity of pressure develops the equalizer pipes 48 andconduits 53, 55 aiiord the means of maintaining the desired symmetricaland uniform application of rotative efiort to the oppositely movingmembers and 3. As in the prime mover, particularly when operated as aninternal combusion fre'e piston engine, gases of high temperature maypass through the pipes 59 these pipes are provided with a jacket E]forming an annular space therewith through which a cooling medium may becirculated. Preferably the diameter of the conduits 53, will be largerthan that of pipes 49 in order that any irregularity in the pressuresdeveloped in the spaces at'either side of the partition blocks il may bequickly equalized so as to avoid unbalanced reaction on the casing 39.

As shown in Fig. 1 upon the cylinder 5 an oscillatable compressor member5| is carried. On the cylinder I in side by side relation to the member61 along the axis of oscillation is carried the oscillatable compressormember 63. Co-

operating with the oscillatable member El is the casing providing arectangular chamber in which vanes similar to the vanes 11 and 23 of theprime mover oscillatable members I and 3 move with the oscillatingmovement of the cylinder 5. A similar casing 6'5 cooperates with theoscillatable compressor member 63 the vanes of which move in the chamberformed by the casing 61 with the oscillatingmovement of the cylinder 7.In the embodiment of Fig. l the casings t5 and 6'! are separately formedto extend about the full meridian outline of the respective vanescarried by the oscillatable members 6i and 53, these casings fitting tothe respective oscillatable member 6! and 63 and made fluid tightthereto by packing elements 69. The walls of these compressor casings inthe embodiment of Fig. 1 are formed with hollow spaces ii for passing acooling fluid therethrough for absorbing the heat of the compression.The oscillatable members 6!, 63 may also be provided with coolingchannels E3. The cooling channels ll and 13 may be supplied with thecooling fluid by any suitable means.

The casings 55 and 61 may be constructed with partition blocks of Vsection fitted between respective portions of the casings in the mannersimilar to that shown in Fig. 2 for the prime mover unit. As aboveindicated, although equalizing pipes and conduits'may be providedconnecting the homologous chambers and spaces of the compressor units asprovided in the prime mover unit, ordinarily such provision is notrequisite in the compressor unit and in the embodiment of Fig. l thebalance of the forces acting on the compressor casings tending toproduce rotational movement thereof is accomplished by virtue of thesymmetrical arrangement of the .1.

homologous vanes and the partition blocks to form chambers in which thevanes operate '50 that the fluid pressure of two oppositely moving vanesreacts upon the same partition block.

Casings 65 and 61 must be rigidly connected.

Figs. 5, 6, and '7 diagrammatically show typical sections of the casingand an oscillatable member taken in the plane of the axis of oscillation14. In Fig. 5 the oscillatable member 15 carries a vane 11 of circularmeridian outline, having the outer meridian arc thereof conforming t theinner surface of a casing 19, this inner surface being a surface ofrevolution substantially generated by the revolution of the are aboutthe axis of oscillation. In the embodiment of Fig. 5 the outer rims ofthe lateral walls 89 of the oscillatable member 15 are fitted to theinner circumferential surf-aces of the lateral walls 8! of the casing 19substantially at the horizontal diameter of the circle of the vane 11.

lindrical surface inthe casing 19' with lateral I surfaces in planesperpendicular to the axis, the

edges of the vane 83 m'ovingin sliding relation over these surfaces.

In Fig. '7 the: casing 19' is of the same form as in Fig. 5 but the vane85 is" of rectangular outline in theinner portion thereof whereit isfitted to the oscillatabl'e member 75.

In Figs. 6 and 7, as in Fig. 5, the meeting line of the cheek walls 8!of the casing with the rims of the oscillatable member 15 is on thehorizontal diameter of the vanes. Within the scope of the invention,however, this meeting line may be either above or below the horizontaldiameter of the vane, as shown in Fig. 6 by the dotted lines 81 and 38,the radial extent of the cheek walls 8| and of the lateral walls of theoscillatable member 15 being correspondingly reduced or in' creased. Inall cases, however, the surface of the casings 79 is a'sur'face ofrevolution aboutthe axis of oscillation which facilitates and simplifies machining of the casing. The oscillat'able member 15 also is ofsuch form that it may be readily machined and the vanes ll, 83, fittedthereto, the surfaces formed in this member also being a surface ofrevolution about the axis of oscillation.

In Figs. 8 and 9 is shown a particular form of the constructiondiagrammatically shown in Figs. 5, 6, '7. In this embodiment a pluralityof sections 9! which, assh'own in Fig; 9, are of U shape are formed withplane faces 93 in angular relation to each other'such that when thesections 9! are placed together in face to face relation these faces 93extend radially from the axis of oscillation. Sections 91 are providedwith flanges 95 adjacently positioned to receive bolts 91 passingtherethrough for holding the adjacent sections together, the assembly ofsections 9| thus developed forming a complete casing 30. 'After thusbeing assembled the sections preferably are welded together by welds 99at the inner as well i as the outer surfaces of the horizontallyextending or base portions of the Us and also of the legs of the Us.After/completion of such assembly and welding the casing as a whole maybe turned or milled at the inner surface of the Us to form a surface H]!of revolution about the axis of walls I02, suitable packing elements I09being provided to secure fluid tightness. The vane I03, as shown in Fig.8, is fitted to the circumferential surface ill of the oscillatablemember I65 and is fastened thereto by means of the bolts H2.

' The vane I93 also is secured in place by means of a bolt H3 passingthrough the vane and through th-echeek walls 101 of the oscillatablemember I05. The vane I03 extends outwardly beyond the member with asubstantially rectangular meridian outline into the cylindrical chamberprovided by the casing 30, suitable packing elements 5 being provided atthe exterior surf-ace of the vane to fit against the surface ofrevolution [0iof the casing 30. In the particular embodiment of Figs. 8and 9 the vane I03 is provided with rounded corners III to conform tofillets II8 formed in accordance with good practice in the turning ormilling of the assembled casing 33 to prevent cracks developing therein.

In the embodiment of Figs. 8 and 9 each section 9| is provided withcooling channels II9 which may be produced by drilling the individualsections 9I at each face thereof before the sections are assembled andwelded together. This maybe done so that the passages II9 register atthe contacting faces of sections 9| and become continuous to the desiredextent circumferentially about the casing 30 for passage of coolingfluid therethrough, suitable means for delivering the fluid toth'esepassages being provided but not forming an essential part of the presentinvention.

Similarly in the oscillatable member I cooling passages I2I may beformed extending parallel to an axis of oscillation through the bodythereof and outwardly in'the cheek Walls I01 as shown in Fig. 9. Coolingfluid may be'supplied to these passages by suitable means not shown.

In Fig. 8 a partition'block II similar to that of Fig. 2 is shown inface to face relation to the adjaceiit sections of the casing 35. Thispartition block at its inner surface bears on the circumferentialsurface III of the oscillatable member I55, suitable packing elementsI23 being pro vided to secure fluid tightness. The partition block M maybe fastened to the casing by a through bolt I25 extending through thecheek walls I52 of the casing 30.

I It will be understood from a consideration of Fig. 1 that the twooscillatable prime mover mem hers I and 3 and the two compressor membersGI and 63 are aranged in side by side relation for oscillation on thecommon axis so' that a com pact prime mover compressor unit is secured.This arrangement of the oscillatable members is accomplished by virtueof the mounting of these members on the concentric cylinders 5 and I ar=ranged one Withih' the other. The cylinder 7 extends about and bearsupon the cylinder 5 and the cylinder 5 extends beyond the cylinder I atthe'ehds thereof sumeiemi so that upon the cylihder 5 may be mounted atone end thereof the oscillatable prime mover member I and at the otherend the oscillatable compressor member GI. At the respective ends Of theouter cylinder 'I are mounted the prime mover member 3 and theoscillatable compressor member 63. It will be uriderstood, therefore,that when fluid pressure is exerted upon the varies of the oscillatableprime mover members I to produce rotating movement thereof, the vanes ofthe compressor element III act upon the fluid pressure medium in thecasing 65 to'compress this medium. simul tane'ous1y the hold pressureacting upon the vanes of the oscillatable prime mover member 3 to movethe member in the opposite direction of rotatioh to th member I producesmovement of the vanes of the compressor member 63' to effect compressionof the fluid pressure medium within the casing 61. The forces producingmove inent of the compressor elements are transmitted from the primemover varies and members through the cylinders E ahd I to the compressormembers and varies. These cylinders because of their form and relativelylarge diameter provide supports for the prime mover and compressormembers and their vanes which easily resist defiection transversely ofthe axis and are particularly suitable for transmitting the torsionalforces and for withstanding the reactions to reversal at the ends of themovements of the oscillatable elements within their respective casingswhile being of relatively light Weight and mass;

In Figs. 10 and 11 is shown a prime mover compressor unit in which aprime mover oscillatable member and high pressure and low pressureoscillatable compressor members are mounted on concentric cylinders I3Iand IE3. In this embodiment the cylinder I3I is supported at its end byheads I35 having hubs I3'I fitted with bearing liners I39 bearing on afixed shaft I II supported in pedestals I 32. The cylinder I33 is cariedat the ends thereof by heads I43 formed with hubs I I-5 provided withhearing liners M'I bearing also on the shaft I I I. It will beunderstood that the cylinders I3I and I33 may oscillate on the shaft III independently of each other except as they are impelled by the fluidpressure acting on the vanes as about to be described.

As shown in Fig. 10 the prime mover is provided with a casing I5I ofcylindrical form within which the vanes I53 reciprocate upon oscillatingmovement of cylinder I3I. The vanes I53 are fastened to a ring memberI55 and to the inner cylinder I3I by means of studs I51, the foot ofeach vane I53 being set into the peripheral surface of the ring I55 andrigidly held in place by the studs I57.

It will be apparent, therefore, that the ring I55 and the vanes I53 formwith the cylinder I3I a member oscillatable upon the axis of the shaftIN. The vanes I53 fit in sliding relation to the cylindrical surface ofthe casing I5I and the cheek walls thereof in the manner described inconnection with Figs. 1 to 7 inclusive except that in the embodiment ofFigs. 10 and 11 the cheek walls of the casing I5I extend inwardly fullyalong the side surface of the vanes I53.

Within the same casing I5I and cooperating with the circumferentialsurface thereof and the surfaces of the cheek walls a second set ofvanes I55 is supported on rings IGI which are laterally adjacent thering I55, as shown in Fig. 10, and are made fluid type thereto by meansof suitable packing elements I63. As shown in Fig. 11 the vanes I59 areset into the surface of both rings IGI and are fastened thereto and tothe cylinder I33 by means of studs I65. The vanes I59 and the rings I5Iand the cylinder I33, therefore, form a unitary member oscillatable uponthe axis of the shaft MI. In order to provide for opposite oscillatingmovement of the cylinders I3I and I33 and the vanes and ringsrespectively associated therewith, slots or openings I51 are provided inthe cylinder $33 for such portions of the circumferential extent thereofas are required for movement of the studs I5? which, as shown in Figs.10 and ll, pass through the cylinder I33. 'It will be understood that afluid pressure medium introduced in the respective spaces IEQ'betWeenthe vanes I59 and I53 will produce movement thereof in oppositedirections and opposite rotational movement of the cylindersI'3I andI33. V I

Concomitantly a fluid pressure medium in the respective spaces I'IIbetween two vanes I53 and I59 may be compressed and forced from thespaces I'I'I through suitable discharge passages; Subsequently uponintroduction of a fluid pres sure medium in the space I?! the vanes I53,I55 at either side thereof will be moved apart toward the positionsshown inFig. 11 and the fluid pres? sure medium will be compressed anddischarged from the spaces I69. To provide for delivery of a fluidpressure medium to the prime mover unit and for exhaust of the expandedfluid medium valves controlling the fluid medium, pipes I73 areconnected to the valve chambers I15 spaced angularly about the casing IIof the prime mover. It will be understood that the forces acting on thevanes I53 and I59 producing opposite rotational movement of thecylinders I3I, I39 are balanced in each of the spaces I69, III so thatno substantial force is brought upon the casing tending to producerotational movement thereof.

As shown in Fig. a high pressure compressor casing I8I 'is arranged atthe right of the prime mover and a low pressure compressor casing I83 isarranged at the left thereof along the axis of the shaft MI. Thearrangement of vanes within the casings I8I and I83 and the mountingthereof on the cylinders HI and I33 is substantially the same as thatdescribed in connection with the prime mover. Thus, as shown in Fig. 10,the vane I85 of the high pressure stage is fastened to the cylinder I3Iby. means of the middle ring I81 and the stud I89. The vane I9I of thelow pressure stage of the compressor isfastened to the cylinder I3I bymeans of the middle ring I93 and the stud I95. Fastenings not shownsimilar to the studs I of the prime mover are utilized to fasten theother cooperating vanesof, the

. compressor stages to the laterally disposed rings I91 and I99 and tothe outer cylinder I33.

It will be understood in the embodiment of Figs. 10 and 11, as in theembodiment of Figs. 1, 2 and 3, that preferably an even number of vanesis mounted on each of the cylinders I3I and I33 within the same casing.The oppositely acting forces upon the oppositely moving vanes,therefore, are symmetrically produced about the axis of oscillationwithout substantial reaction on the casing tending to produce rotationthereof. It will also be understood that as a vane I59 moves inseparating movement oppositely to a vane I53, this vane I59 moves towardanother vane I53 which itself approaches the vane I59. The expansiveforce of a fluid pressure between two separating vanes, therefore, iscushioned by the compressive force acting on the two approaching vanes.1 Similar cushioning is secured in the construction of Figs. 1 and 2 byvirtue of the reactions in opposite directions brought upon thepartition blocks 4|. 1

In the embodiment of Figs. 10 and 11 a mechanism itself not forming partof the invention and comprising a transmission device 29I, a connectingrod 293, a crosshead 205 and a connecting rod 291 connected to the headI43, is provided for adjusting, upon operation of the transmissiondevice, the relative positions of the cylinders I3! and I33 with respectto each other and, therefore, of the vanes respectively carried therebyto secure requisite clearance between the vanes I53 and I59 and betweencorresponding vanes of the compressor unit. The construction is such asto provide for yielding connection 299 between the parts to permit therelative movement of the oppositely oscillating members.

Although the effective areas of the vanes in the-two side by sidechambers in the embodiment disclosed herein are equal, within the scopeof the invention variations in such area and in the number of vanescarried by the oppositely oscillating members may be utilized to suitdifferent pressures or other conditions developed in the two members ortheir homologous chambers or spaces. The construction shown in Figs. 1,5, 6,

7, 8 and 9 in which the cheek walls of the casing meet the outwardlyextending cheek portions of the oscillatible members, if desired, may beused in the prime mover compressor unit of Figs. 10 and 11. Varioustypes of valves for controlling the admissionof the fluid medium to andthe discharge thereof from the space between the oppositely oscillatingvanes may be utilized. In Fig. 11 are. shown spring actuated poppetvalves for the prime mover. In Fig. 10 in the casing I83 grid valves areshown which require only small movement and which cooperate with astationary grid seating member. All such modifications within the skillof the art which embody the features of the invention are intended to becovered by the appended claims.

. This application is a continuation in part of the copendingapplication Serial No. 590,920, filed April 28, 1945, herein abovereferred to.

We claim:

1. A fluid pressuremachine comp-rising a plurality of oscillatablemembers supported for oscillation thereof upon a common axis, fluidpressure responsive elements respectively carried by said oscillatablemembers for reciprocating movement thereof circumferentiallywith respectto said axis concomitantly with oscillating movement of the respectiveoscillatable members, means .providing a plurality of fluid pressurechambers respectively cooperating with said elements to confine fluidunder pressure within each chamber at the respective circumferentiallyopposite sides of the element therein to act on or to be acted on bysaid elements concomitantly with said reciprocating movement of saidelements and movement of said oscillatable members respectivelysupporting said elements in opposite directions, and means providingfluid pressure communication between a chamber associated with a givenoscillatable member which is at a selected side of the elementreciprocatable therein with a chamber associated with anotheroscillatable member at a selected side of the element reciprocatabletherein for substantially equalizing the pressures to which saidselected sides of said elements are subjected, said selected sides ofsaid elements being in opposed relation to each other in the directioncircumferentially about said axis of oscillation.

2. A fluid pressure machine comprising a plurality of oscillatablemembers supported for oscillation thereof upon a common axis, primemover elements respectively carried by said .oscillatable members forreciprocating movement thereof circumferentially with respect to saidaxis concomitantly with oscillating movement of the respectiveoscillatable members, means providing a plurality of fluid pressurechambers respectively cooperating with said prime mover elements toconfine fluid under pressure within the 'respective chambers to act onsaid prime mover elements at the respective circumferentially op-,posite sides thereof for effecting said reciproeating movement of, saidelements and movement of the oscillatable members respectivelysupporting said elements in opposite directions, means providing fluidpressure communication between a prime mover chamber associated with agiven oscillatable member at a selected side of the prime mover elementreciprocatable therein with a prime mover chamber associated withanother oscillatable member at a selected side of the prime moverelement reciprocatable therein for substantially equalizing thepressures to which said selected sides of said prime mover elements aresubjected, said selected sides of said prime mover elements being inopposed relation to each other in the direction circumferentially aboutsaid axis of oscillation, compressor elements respectively carried bysaid oscillatable members for reciprocating movement thereof oppositelywith respect to each other concomitantly with the opposite oscillatingmovement of said oscillatable members, and means providing a pluralityof fluid compressing chambers respectively cooperating with saidcompressor ele ments to confine fluid within said compressor chambers tobe acted on by said compressor elements as said compressor elements andthe oscillatable members respectively supporting said ele ments aremoved in opposite directions of the oscillating movement thereof uponsaid axis to eflect compression of said fluid.

3. A fluid pressure machine as defined in claim 2 in which saidoppositely movable prime mover elements and said means cooperatingtherewith to provide a fluid pressure chamber are positioned in spacedrelation along the common axis with respect to said oppositely movablecompressor elements and said means cooperating therewith to provide afluid compression chamber.

4. A fluid pressure machine comprising a plurality of concentriccylindrical members one within the other supported for oscillationthereof separately upon the common axis of the cylinders, vanesrespectively carried by said cylindrical members extending outwardlywith respect to said axis from the peripheries of said members forreciprocating movement of said vanes circumferentially with respect tosaid axis concomitantly with oscillating movement of the respectivecylindrical members, and a casing Cooperating with said vanes and saidcylindrical members to provide fluid pressure chambers at thecircumferentially opposite sides of the vanes therein and to confinefluid under pressure within said chambers to act on or to be acted'on bythe respective vanes concomitantly with movement of said vanes and saidcylindrical members respectively supporting said vanes in oppositedirections in the oscillating movement of said members upon said axis.

5. A fluid pressure machine comp-rising a plurality of concentriccylindrical members one within the other supported for oscillationthereof separately upon the common axis of the cylinders, prime movervanes respectively carried by said cylindrical members extendingoutwardly with respect to said axis from the peripheries of said membersfor reciprocating movement of said vanes circumferentiaily with respectto said axis concomitantly with oscillating movement of the respectivecylindrical members, a prime mover casing cooperating with said primemover vanes and said cylindrical members to provide fluid pressurechambers at the circumferentially opposite sides of the vanes thereinand to confine fluid under pressure within said chambers to act on vanesand said cylindrical members to provide fluid compressing chambers andto confine fluid within said chambers to be acted on by the respectivecompressor vanes as said compressor vanes and said oscillatablecylindrical members respectively supporting said vanes are moved .inopposite directions of the oscillating movement thereof upon said axisto effect compression of said fluid.

6. A fluid pressure machine comprising a plurality of concentriccylindrical members one within the other supported for oscillationthereof separately upon the common axis of the cylinders, prime movervanes respectively carried by said cylindrical members extendingoutwardly with respect to said axis from the peripheries of said membersfor reciprocating movement of said vanes circumferentially with respectto said axis concomitantly with oscillating movement of the respectivecylindrical members, a prime mover casing cooperating with said primemover vanes and said cylindrical members to provide fluid pressurechambers at the circumferentially opposite sides of the vanes thereinand to confine fluid under pressure within said chambers to act on therespective prime mover vanes to move said vanes and said cylindricalmembers respectively supporting said vanes in opposite directions ofoscillating movement of said members upon said axis, compressor vanesrespectively carried by said cylindrical members extending outwardlywith respect to said axis from the peripheries of said members forreciprocating movement of said vanes circumferentially with respect tosaid axis concomitantly with the oscillating movement of the respectivecylindrical members, and a compressor casing cooperating with saidcompressor vanes and said cylindrical members to provide fluidcompressing chambers and to confine fluid within said chambers to beacted on by the respective compressor vanes as said compressor vanes andsaid oscillatable cylindrical members respectively supporting said vanesare moved in opposite directions of the oscillating movement thereofupon said axis to effect compression of said fluid, said compressorvanes and said casing cooperating therewith being positioned in spacedrelation along said axis from said prime mover vanes and said casingcooperating therewith.

7. A fluid pressure machine as defined in claim 6 comprising meanscarried by the inner cylindrical .member extending outwardly past theouter cylindrical member to support said prime mover vanes and saidcompressor vanes carried by said inner cylindrical member, said outercylindrical member being formed toprovide clearance for said outwardlyextending means in the opposite oscillating movement of said cylindricalmembers.

8. A fluid pres ure machine comprising a plurality or cscillatablemembers supported for oscil lation thereof upon a common axis, fluidpressure responsive elements respectively carried by said cscillatablemembers for reciprocating movement thereof circumierentially withrespect to said axis concomitantly with oscillating movement of therespective oscillataole members, means cooperating with said fluidpressure responsive elements of the respective oscillatable members toprovide a plurality of fluid pressure chambers respectively associatedwith said fluid pressure responsive elements to confine fluid underpressure within each chamber at the respective circumferentiallyopposite faces of the element therein, and conduit means connectingchambers which respectively ,of oscillatable members supported foroscillation thereof upon a common axis, a plurality of fluid pressureresponsive elements carried by each of said oscillatable members forreciprocating movement of the elements'of one member circumferentiallywith respect to said axis oppositely with respect to those of the othermember concomitantly with opposite movement of said oscillatablemembers, a casing cooperating with said fluid pressure responsiveelements and said members to provide fluid pressure chambersrespectively atthe faces of each of said fluid pressure responsiveelements which are opposite to each other in the circumferentialdirection about said common axis and so that a given face of eachelement of one of said oscillatable members is disposed toward anopposed face of an element of said other oscillatable member in saidcircumferential direction, and conduits respectively connecting thechambers at said given face of said elements of said first member withthe chambers at the respective opposed faces of the elements of saidother member to equalize the pressure in said chambers concomitantlywith opposite movement of said oscillatable members.

10. A fluid pressure machine as defined in claim I 9 which comprises aconduit carried by at least one of said oscillatable members andextending bet een hOInOlOgolls chambers w ich are circumferentially saced about said common axis.

11. A fluid pre sure machine comprising a pair of oscillatable memberssu ported for oscillation thereof upon a common axis. a plurality ofvanes carried by each o said oscillatable members for reciprocatingmovement th reof c rcumfere tia ly with res ect to said axisconcomitantly wit the oscillatin movement of the res ective oscillatablemembers, a casing cooperating with said vanes and said members toprovide separate circumferentially spaced fluid pressure chambersseparated by walls of said casing in which s id vanes of the res ectivemember reci rocate upon oscillating movem nt of said members. saidcasing cooperating with said members and with said vanes in pairs with te two vanes of each pair being carried by the respective oscillatablemembers to confine the fluid pres ure in the senarate chambers betweensaid casing walls and the respective faces of the vanes of said pairswhich in one member and the other are oppositely disposed with res ectto each other in the circumferential direction about said common axis,and conduit means connecting the chambers confin ing t e fluid at "saidoppositely disposed faces for equalizing said pressure on said vanes tosubject them substantially to like pressure acting circumferentially opositely concomitantly with the oppositely osci lating mo ement of saidmembers.

12. A fluid pressure machine comprising a pair of oscillatable memberssupported for oscillation thereof upon a common axis and in side b siderelation to each other in the direction along Said axis, a vane carriedby each of said members having a'surface thereof extending generallyradially with respect to and parallel to said common axis forreciprocating movement thereof circumferentially about said axisconcomitantly with the Oscillating movement of the respective members,

a casing extending circumferentially about said members and conformingas a surface of revolution about the common axis to the meridianoutlines of said vanes and cooperating with said vanes to form separatefluid pressure chambers in side by side relation in the direction alongsaid axis at either face of each of said vanes, and conduit meansconnecting the chamber at one face of a vane of one of said members withthe chamber spaced along said axis therefrom and at the face of a vaneof the other of said members oppositely disposed in the circumferentialdirection about said common axis with respect to said first face forequalizing the pressure acting on the respective vanes in the oppositeoscillating movement of the members.

13. A fluid pressure machine of the rotary type comprising a memberrotatable on an axis, a vane carried by said rotatable member in a planeextending generally radially and parallel to said axis, and a casingextending about said rotatable member and conforming at least to theouter portion of the meridian outline of said vane, said rotatablemember having portions extending about said vane outwardly with respectto said axis to meet said casing and to cooperate therewith and withsaid vane to confine the fluid for acting on or to be acted on by saidvane. 7

14. A fluid pressure machine of the rotary type comprising a memberrotatable on an axis, a vane carried by said rotatable member in a'planeextending generally radially and parallel to said axis, said memberhaving cheek portions extending outwardly with respect to said axisabout the inner portion of the meridian outline of said vane, and acasing extending circumferentially about said rotatable member withrespect to the axis of rotation and conforming to the outer portion ofthe meridian outline of said vane, said casing providing an innersurface over which said outer portion of the meridian outline of saidvane moves in sliding movement as said member rotates, said innersurface being a surface of revolution about said axis generated by saidouter portion of said meridian outline of said vane, said casingproviding cheek walls extending inwardly toward the axis to meet theoutwardly extending cheek portions of said rotatable member to enclose afluid pressure chamber within which said vane moves.

15. A fluid pressure machine of the rotary type as defined in claim 14in which said casing is constructed with a plurality of sections of Ushape fastened together in face to face relation with the legs of the Usextending inwardly toward the axis of rotation, said sections and saidlegs thereof providing said surface of revolution about the axisgenerated by the meridian outline of the vane and providing said cheekwall extending toward said outwardly extending cheek portions of saidrotatable member.

16. A fluid pressure machine of the rotary type as defined in claim 15in which said U shape sections are provided with fluid passagesregistering in adjacent sections at the meeting faces thereof to providefor flow of cooling fluid therethrough.

17. A fluid pressure machine of the rotary type as defined in claim 15in which said sections are welded along the joints of said meetingfaces, said surface of revolution being formed in the assembled Weldedcasing composed of said sections.

18. A fluid pressure machine comprising a pair of oscillatable memberssupported for oscillation thereof upon a common axis and in side by siderelation to each other in the direction along said axis, a vane carriedby each of said members having a surface thereof extending generallyradially with respect to and parallel to said common axis forreciprocating movement thereof circumferentially about said axisconcomitantly with the oscillating movement of the respective members,said surface of said vane of one of said members being disposed inopposed relation toward said surface of a vane of the other member inthe circumferential direction about said common axis, a casing extendingcircumferentially about said members and conforming as a surface ofrevolution about the common axis to the meridian outlines of said vanesand cooperating with said vanes to form separate fluid pressure chambersin side by side relation in the direction along said axis in which saidvanes reciprocate in the oscillating movement of the respective members,and a partition block cooperating with said casing to confine the fluidpressure in said chambers and positioned between said two opposed facesof said vanes to form end walls of said chambers adjacent to the limitsof the opposite oscillating movement of said vanes.

19. A fluid pressure machine as defined in claim 18 which comprises afluid pressure conduit connecting the spaces of said chambersrespectively between said vanes and said partition block for equalizingthe fluid pressure confined in said spaces and acting or acted upon bysaid vanes.

20. A fluid pressure machine comprising a pair of cylindrical memberssupported for oscillating movement thereof upon a common axis and onewithin the other, a vane carried upon the circumferential extent of theinner cylindrical member by a support extending outwardly through anopening formed in the outer cylindrical mem ber, a vane carried upon theouter cylindrical member substantially in the same plane transverse tosaid common axis of oscillation with said vane carried upon said innercylindrical member, whereby said vanes concomitantly with theoscillating movement of the respective cylindrical members move towardand away from each other, and a common casing extending about the axisof oscillation and conforming to the surface of revolution generated bythe meridian outlines of said vanes to confine a fluid pressure mediumbetween said vanes for change in the pressure thereof concomitantly Withopposite oscillating movement of said cylindrical members and the vanesrespectively carried thereby.

21. A fluid pressure machine comprising a pair of cylindrical memberssupported for oscillating movement thereof upon a common axis and onewithin the other, a prime mover vane carried upon the circumferentialextent of the inner cylindrical member by a support extending outwardlythrough an opening formed in the outer cylindrical member, a prime movervane of substantially the same meridian outline as said first vanecarried upon the outer cylindrical member substantially in the sameplane transverse to the common axis of oscillation with said vanecarried upon the inner cylindrical member, a common casing extendingabout the axis of oscillation and conforming to the surface ofrevolution generated by the meridian outline of said vanes to confine afluid pressure medium therebetween to produce separating movement ofsaid vanes concomitantly with opposite rotative movement of therespective cylindrical members, a compres sor vane carried upon thecircumferential, exten ofsaidinner cylindrical member by a supportextending outwardly through an opening formed in the outer cylindricalmember, a compressor vane of substantially the same meridian outline assaid first compressor vane carried upon the outer cylindrical membersubstantially in the same plane transverse to said common axis ofoscillation with said first compressor vane, and a common casingextending about saidaxis of oscillation and conforming to the surface ofrevolution generated by the meridian outline of said compressor vanes toconfine a fluid pressure medium therebetween for compression thereofconcomitantly with the movement of said compressor vanes toward eachother as said prime mover vanes move in separating movement.

22. A fluid pressure machine as defined in claim 21 which comprisesmeans for controlling the delivery of a fluid pressure medium to anddischarge of said medium from said prime mover casing between said vanestherein to effect opposite oscillating movement of said cylindricalmembers, and means for controlling delivery of a fluid to be compressedto and discharge thereof from said compressor casing between said vanestherein to effect compression and discharge of said compressed fluidupon opposite oscillating movement of said cylindrical members.

23. A fluid pressure machine as defined in claim 20 in which said vanecarried upon the inner cylindrical member is carried by a ring extendingabout the common axis and said vane carried upon the outer cylindricalmember is carried upon a pair of rings laterally disposed at either sideof said first ring and extending about said common axis, and packingmean cooperating with said rings to provide fluid pressure tightnesstherebetween. 7

24. A fluid pressure machine as defined in claim 23 in which saidlaterally disposed rings are arranged adjacent the respective walls ofsaid casing which extend transversely of said common axis along themeridian outlineo'f said vanes, and packing means cooperating with saidlateral rings and said casing walls to provide fluid pressure tightnesstherebetween.

25. A fluid pressure machine comprising a pair of oscillatable memberssupported for oscillation thereof upon a common axis, a plurality offluid pressure responsive elements carried by each of said oscillatablemembers for reciprocating movement of the elements of one membercircumferentially with respect to said axis oppositely with respect tosaid elements of the other member concomitantly with oppositeoscillating movement of said oscillatable mem bers, said elements ofeach member being symmetrically positioned in pairs about the commonaxis and having substantially the same effective area of the facesthereof transverse to said circumferential direction subjected to thefluidf pressure, pressure confining envelopes cooperating with theelements of the respective members to provide separate fluid pressurechambers within which respectively said elements recipro' cate in theoscillatingmovement of the respective oscillatable members, and meansc'ooperat-- ing with said envelopes for simultaneously confiningsubstantially the same fluid pressure with:

in said chambers at the homologous faces of the elements of a given pairof elements recipro catable in one envelope and at the homologous facesof the elements of a pair of elements re ciprocatable in the otherenvelope which are in opposed relation respectively to said faces ofsaid- 21 given pair concomitantly with opposite reciproeating movementsof said elements in said chambers, whereby the reactions of the fluidpressures acting on said elements and exerted upon said envelopes aresubstantially balanced with respect 5 to each other.

26. A fluid pressure machine as defined in claim 25 in which saidenvelopes associated with the respective members are rigidly fastenedtogether. I 10 ERNEST MERCIER. MARCEL EHLINGER.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the 15 fileof this patent:

Number Number 22 UNITED STATES PATENTS Name Date Krogstad Sept. 27, 1898Price Apr. 23, 1912 Mulligan Mar. 23, 1915 Roberts May 3, 1917 Roberts 1July 24, 1917 Armuth Mar. 30, 1926 Christensen Dec. 20, 1927 SandbergFeb. 9, 1937 Long Dec. 31, 1946 FOREIGN PATENTS Country Date 7 GreatBritain Dec, 11, 1933 France Mar. 20, 1944

